Fluid pump



April 1935- A. HOLLANDER 1,997,824

FLUID PUMP Filed June 6, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 16, 1935.

VII

3 Sheets-Sheet 5 102 @197 Q40; 5 68 ff H ln'ventar Patented Apr. 16,1935 UNITED STATES FLUID PUMP Aladar Hollander, Berkeley, Calif.,assignor to Byron Jackson 00., Berkeley, Galit, a corporation ofDelaware Application June 6, 1933, Serial No.674,485

6 Claims.

This invention relates to a fluid pump having num'erousnovel features ofdesign.

One objectof this invention is toprovide a fluid pump including asupporting member provided with a suction inlet passage; mounting aninner pump casing upon the supporting member so as to communicate thesuction inlet passage of the supporting member with the suction inletpassage of the casing; also mounting an outer casing upon the supportingmember so that the outer casing with the supporting member will entirelyenclose the inner casing providing the inner casing with a passage fordischarging the pressure fluid of the pump into the space formed betweenthe inner and outer casings and providing the outer casing with a fluiddischarge passage communicating with this space formed between these twocasings. A fluid pump so arranged may have many advantages, a few ofwhich may be stated as follows: The pressure fluid contained within thespace formed between the inner and outer casings will act to firmly andtightly seat the attached or proximal end of the inner casing upon or tothe supporting means, and thereby plain machined surfaces with orwithout gaskets may be utilized without danger of leakage of thepressure fluid through the joint formed between the inner casing andsupporting member; the inner casing may be formed of two halves partedin an axial plane and the complicated sections thereof may be castthinner, thus insuring a more uniform casting without danger of theinner casing rupturing due to internal pressure therein as the forceupon the exterior of the inner casing, due to the pressure fluidcontained in the space between the casings, will be far greater than thebursting force generated within the inner casing; the force of thepressure fluid acting upon the external surface ofthe inner casing willact to force the two half sections thereof into close sealing engagementto form an effective seal against leakage of the pressure fluid into orfrom the interior of the pump casingwhether a gasket is or is not used;the outer casing may be made from drawn steel tubing or fabricated fromrolled steel plates and, therefore, will be far less clumsy and liableto disastrous bursting than in the case the outer casing were made of acasting; the outer casing may be a structure entirely independent of theinner casing, thereby making the assembly and disassembly of thestructure easier; distortion of the outer casin due to heat or pressurecannot actto throw or force the pump structure out of true axialalignment, thus avoiding binding and undue wear; the

surfaces forming tne joint between the inner casing and supportingmember are fully exposed and thus easily and accurately machined; theforce of the pressure fluid in the space acts to maintain the innercasing flrmly seated upon the support- 5 ing member, for which reasonleakage from. the pressure space to the suction inlet passage may beeffectively sealed off; and when the structure is arranged verticallythe discharge passage through the outer casing may be positioned well 10toward the bottom thereof so that the upper portion of the pressurespace may act as a water and air receiver, thus eliminating thenecessity of an extra air tank for this purpose.

A further object is to part the inner casing 15 upon the axial planethereof for simplicity of casting, machining and assembly and relyingmainly upon the force of the pressure fluid contained within the spacefor maintaining the half portions in fluid, sealing contact.

A' further object is to provide the inner casing with a plurality ofimpellers and for arranging one set of impellers to face in onedirection and a second set of impellers to face in the oppositedirection and for providing a fluid channel for appropriatelycommunicating the two sets of impellers.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent asthe nature of the same is more fully understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein is set forth what is nowconsidered to be a preferred embodiment. It should be understood,however, that this particular embodiment of the invention is chosenprincipally for the purpose of exempliflcation and that variationstherefrom in details of construction or arrangement of the parts mayaccordingly be efiected and yet remain within the spirit and scope ofthe invention as the same is set forth in the appended claims. 40

In the drawings:

Figure 1 illustrates a side view of the invention partly in section;

Figure 2 illustrates an enlarged sectional view of the double casingpump;

Figure 3 illustrates a section view taken substantially in the plane oflines 33 of Figure 2;

Figure 4 illustrates a fragmental sectional view oneven larger scale ofa somewhat different arrangement of the pump supporting member;

Figure 5 illustrates a fragmental sectional view of a modified form ofthe invention.

In all of the figures 'of the drawings the invention has beenillustrated as applied to the vertical type of pump but it is to beunderstood that the features of this invention may be applied to thehorizontal type of pumps.

The invention as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 may include a basestructure I8 having mounted therein'an electric motor II arranged forvertical operation. A tubular spacer I2 may be suitably mounted upon thebase structure as by means of flange I3 and cap screws I4 and may becentered thereon by means of the annular ring I5 closely fitting intothe counter-bored annular groove I8 of the base structure. The upper endof the spacer member I2 may be flanged as at to receive the pumpsupporting member or diaphragm I8 and these two parts may be securelyfastened together as by suitable bolt means I8 and centered by means ofthe annular ring 28 of the spacer closely fitting the counterbore 2| ofthe supporting member.

In place of the pumping head illustrated in Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, apumping head including a series 'of superimposed turbine pumps may beprovided, as illustrated in Figure 5. The turbine pumping head disclosedin Figure 5 may include the form of pump supporting means illustrated inFigure 4 and an outer casing as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 and asthese portions have been previously described their description will notbe repeated. The principal diiference lies in the arrangement of theinner casing or pumping head, which pumping head may include a pluralityof superimposed serially connected turbine pumps, in this case five, andas all of the turbine pumps are alike the flrst two only need bedescribed in detail.

The first turbine bowl 8| may be provided with a flange 82 securelyfastened to the pump supporting member 83 by suitable bolt means 88.

The turbine bowl may be centered in true axial alignment with thesupporting member 83 by means of an annular flange 85 formed upon themember 83 concentric with the axis thereof. The

annular flange 85 may be provided with a con-' centric bore 86 to whichthe inlet passage 81 may be suitably communicated. The turbine bowl maybe provided with a bearing 88 for operatively supporting the impellershaft 89. A turbine impeller 98 may be suitably mounted upon shaft 89and made to rotate therewith as by means of a suitable taper pin 9| andpositioned in the impeller cavity 92 of the turbine bowl.

Adjacent the periphery of the impeller the wl 8| may be provided with anannular channel 3 for receiving the fluid discharged from the impeller.

The upper portion of bowl 8| may be provided ith a flange 94 having aconcentric annular bore 951 By means of a plurality of fluid passa es 96the fluid received in the annular channel 93 may be conveyed to theannular bore 95.

' The second turbine bowl 9'! may be provided with a flange 98counterbored as at 99 to engage the annular shoulder I88 formed upon theupper flange 94 of the first bowl in order to center the second turbinebowl with relation thereto.

The second bowl 9'! may be firmly fastenedto the first bowl by means ofsuitable bolts I8I. ike the first bowl. each of the'other bowls may heprovided with shaft bearings I82 for operatively supporting the impellershaft 89. Also each bowl may be provided with an impeller cavity I83.The second impeller I88 may be operatively mounted in cavity I88 of thesecond bowl and may have an inlet portion I85 projecting into theannular bore 95 of the first turbine bowl and forming therewith anoperative fluid seal. The second turbine bowl may be provided with anannular channel I88 for receiving the fluid discharged from the secondimpeller, which fluid may be conveyed through a plurality of fluidpassages I81 to the next succeeding impeller and so on until the fluidis finally discharged from the pump structure through the dischargenozzle I88 into the upper end of the receiver space I89 formed betweenthe inner casing and outer casing 8. A fluid discharge nozzle. I II maybe provided upon the outer casing and arranged to communicate with thereceiver space. However, should it be desired, the discharge nozzle maybe formed in the pump supportingmember 83 similar to the arrangement asdepicted in Figure 5.

As in the previous case, the fluid pressure within the receiver spaceI89 acts upon the exterior of the pump structure and results in asubstantial downward force acting to maintain flange 82 of the pumpstructure tightly compressed against the supporting member 83 and thusmaintaining these two parts in effective sealing engagement and therebypreventing the pressure fluid of thereceiver space I89 from leaking intothe suction inlet passage 88 of thesupporting member. Also this downwardforce acts to maintain each of the turbine bowls tightly seated upon itssupporting bowl.

A common form of thrust bearing, not shown, may be provided foroperatively carrying the axial thrust of the pump impellers and shaft.

In the claims, the expression an outer casing in circumferentiallyspaced relation to said inner casing has been used and it is to beunderstood to mean that the two casings are not brought into directcontact at any point; however, both casings are fastened to a commonsupporting member.

Having fully described the invention, it is to be understood that it isnot to be limited to the details herein set forth, but the invention isof the full scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugal pump, a supporting means, aninner casing mounted thereon, an outer casing mounted upon saidsupporting means in circumferentially spaced relation to said innercasing, a shaft and impeller means within the inner casing, said shaftextending through the supporting means, a bearing for the other end ofsaid shaft carried by the distal end of said inner casing, said innercasing being free from contact with the outer casing, said supportingmeans having a suction inlet means communicating with said inner casing,a discharge passage. from said inner casing communicating with the spacebetween the casings, a discharge passage leading from said outer casingand communicating with the space between said casings, and means forsealing the suction inlet from the space between the casings, wherebydifferences in temperature in the two casings will not cause distortionof the pump shaft.

- 2. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugalpump, a supporting 'means, aninner casing mounted thereon, an'independent outer casing mounted uponsaid supporting means in circumferentially said inner casing, wherebydifferences in temperature in the two casings will not cause distortionof the pump shaft.

3. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugal pump, a supporting means havinga suction inlet passage therethro'ugh, an inner casing mounted upon saidsupporting means in operative communication with said inlet passage, anindependent outer casing mounted upon said supporting means incircumferentially spaced relation to said inner casing, shaft andimpeller means operatively mounted within the inner casing, said shaftex-- tending through said supporting means, a'bearing for the other endof said shaft carried by the distal end of the inner casing, said innercasing being free from contact with the outer casing, said inner casinghaving a discharge passage communicating with the space between saidcasings, and said outer casing having a discharge passage communicatingwith the space between said casings, whereby differences in temperaturein the two casings will not cause distortion of the pump shaft.

4. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugal pump, a supporting memberhaving a fluid inlet passage,

an inner casing mounted thereon so that the with the outer casing, saidinner casing a discharge passage communicating with the space formedbetween the two casings, and a discharge means for withdrawing thepressure fluid from said space, whereby differences in temperature inthe two casings will not cause distortion of the pump shaft.

5. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugal pump. a member having a fluidinlet passage, an inner casing secured to said member and mounted sothat the fluid inlet passage formed in the end thereof will communicatewith the fluid inlet passage of said member, a shaft with impeller meansoperatively mounted within the casing and having one end of the shaftextending through the casing and through the member, an independentouter pressure casing enclosing the inner casing, said inner casingbeing free from contact with the outer casing, said innercasing having adischarge passage communicating with the space formed between the twocasings, and

a discharge means for withdrawing the pressure fluid from said space,whereby differences in temperature in the two casings will not causedistortion of the pump shaft.

6. In a vertical multi-stage centrifugal pump, an outer pressure casing,an inner casing mounted within said outer casing and spaced therefrom, acentrifugal pump comprising said inner casing, a shaft, a bearing forsaid shaft carried by said inner casing, impellers on said shaft and asuction inlet and discharge, the discharge from said pump communicatingwith the space between the casings, sealing means between said casingsseparating the suction inlet from said space, said inner casing beingfree from contact with said outer casing beyond said sealing means,-anda discharge outlet leading from the outer casing communicating with thespace between the easings, whereby differences in temperature betweenthe two casings will not cause distortion of the pump shaft.

ALADAR HOLLANDER'.

mae'acmaeonf J mane apeam; t J t.

1 z lli tis hereby certified that error appears in the-printed-specificationof-the abort A ia 10,- ma

humbered Patent requiring correction as'fe'llows: Page 2 ,first'column,18,-after the word andperiod member. insert the following paragraphs; H

, -The supporting member 18 may be, presided fwith an annular axiallyconcentric fluid-inlet passage 22. K A pump casing 23, which forconvenience will be referred toae=theinner casing, may be' flanged as at24 for mounting eliipon the upper flat surface 25 of the pump supportingmember 18 and may be center with rel-seen thereto as by means of theannular-ring 26 formed up'on tbe. member 18and. the

r flange 24 and the supporting means 18.

' plane3'4 asmay beo saunter-bore 27' of the inner casing so that thesuction inlet passage'of the inner casing will communicate with thefluid inlet passage 22 of the supportingmeniber 18.. The inner casingmay be secured to the member 18 as by suitable bolt'means 28. Ifdesired,- a suitable gasket means may be mounted between the innercasing The inner casing 23.1nay be rovided with any appropriate numberof impeller cavitie's'2'9 and discharge fluid vo ute passages 30.

" All of the impeller cavities may be connected by' an axial concentricbore I uniform diameter through the entire length of the. inner casing.

'.' -'The inner casinismay be formed in halves 32 and 33 parted alongthe axial erved from Figure 3. v

' A shaft 35v has suitably mounted thereon, as bymeans of a close'fit'ahd taper pins 36, a number of pump impellers 37 of the sing e suctiontype corresponding in number to the number of impeller cavities 29 ofthe inner casing.

5 Shaft 35t'o 'ether with its impellers 37 may be operativelymountedwithin the ihiiericasing an it will be noted that the externaldiameter of each impelle hub section 38 and the external diameter ofeach impellerinlet section 39 are all bi'sub stantially the samediameter and closely fit the uniform bore 31 soias to form there withoperative fluid seals for preventing fluid leakage from the pressure-tothe suction side's ofthe impellers. As may be observed from Figure 2,the inlet side of the first three impellers face dbwnwardly while theinlet side of the other impellers all face upwardly; by time arrangingthe impellers in two groups or sets, a more nearly perfect state ofbalance is effected. As maybe'noted, there are two more impellers havingthem inlet sides facing upwardlyfor the purpose of substantiallycounter-balancing thqhydraulic forces acting against the upper end ofthe impeller shaft. The pump is a multi stage machlno; that is, thefluid is conducted serially through each of the impellers; The stage ofeach impeller has been noted on the shaft in Figure '21n Roman numerals,

Thesuction inlet of. the first stage impeller communicates with thefllnd inlet passage 22 of the supportin member 18 and discharges intothe volute 30, from which volute' the fluid is conveys to the next stageas by means of the fluid passage 40 and so on until the fluid isdischarged into the third stage volute, whereuponby means of. channel 41the fluid is conveyed to the second group of impellers, that'ls, thegroup of impellers having all of their inlet sides facing upwardly;The-channel 41 conveys the fluid to the suction side of the uppermost.impeller of the second group, which runner thus becomes the fourth stageimpeller from-which the fl l11d'PLSSeS"S e1' 1811y through the remainingimpellers and finally discharges from the eighth stage impeller velilt'ethrough the outlet passage 42. As may be noted from Figure 3,- the fluidchannel 41 may be substantially of pipe section defined bycovrsiifilementat'y concave portions formed'in the opposing halves ofthe split casmg'. .-As be later descr bed, the relative y greaterressureupon the outer surface of the" inner casing acts to.;sg t tlyclamp the two half sections to ether that the two engag ng machnedsurfaces form a fluid tight joint without t e aid of a gasket;however, a gasket may be usedifdesired. g

A- shaft begging is be fitted in the uniform bore 31 between the twogroups erativeposition by means of dowel pins 45.

X member 18, as illustrated or may be formed integral t of an maybe 10ced ggainst rotation as by means of -key 44.

' caring 43maybe formed-1n halves and the two halves may be retained inop The upper or distal endof the inner casmg may be provided with asuitable shaft bearing 46 centered in the uniform casing bore 31 andsecurely fastened in place by bolt means 47. The bearing may-be providedwith a suitable oumal bushing 48 keyed against rotation as by means ofscrew 49.

A fluid inlet nozzle .50 may besuitably mounted upon the Bump supportingerewith, as 111118- 4 h .1', 9e 7,a24 sigma. The inlet nozzle may beprovided with an inlet p.51 seesou'ter end of wh ch a duct 52 may-besuitably mounted, while the mner end thereof EO-may be centered in'theannular inlet bore 22 of the pump supporting member and ateleave-considerable room therebetween whic merely-fastened thereto bysuitable bolt means 53. The mlet nozzle 50' may be providedwitha shaftbearing 54 and a common form of stufling'box meaus'55;

' L An outer casing 56 may be provided with a flange 57 and therebymountedupon .the sugportin'g member 18 and securely fastened thereto bysuitable bolt-means 58. T e outer casing may be circumferentiall spacedfrom the inner-so as I? will be referred to as the space-59;.

A flu1d discharge nozzle 60 communicating with space591'nay be providedu on the 'side'of the outer casing toward the lower. end thereof. It maybe observed the fluid discharge passage 42 of theinner casingcommunicates directly with the space 59, thus building up a fluidpressure within space 59 equal to theoperatin discharge ;.-pressure ofthepump. The fluid pumped into space 59 may be dischargeif-iherefromthrough the fluid dischar e nozzle 60 and by placing the nozzle adjacentthe lower .arefheld emit-of the outer casing e portion of the. outercasingebove the discharge-"nozzle may be utilized as a water and airrece1ver,-thus eliminating the necessity of an extra -means 62. Themotor shaft may be suitably journalled in bearin --63. As space -59ismaintained at all times at the maximum wa ing pressure ofthe-finalimpeller stage, while the greater portion-of -the'-internal area-oftheinner casing varies from the fluid inlet to'thedischarge pressure,there is,therefore, afar greater force tending-to force the two halfportions ofthe inner casing together than-tending to part these portionsand thus the two half-portions'of theinner c in cose sealingen-gagement.Due to the external-pressure-acting to'hold the inner easing together, tis not necessary to provide a asket means between the-half portionsthereof but, of course, a gasket may be us if desired. Also, due to theexternal pressure upon the inner casin this casing may be safely mad -ofof relatively thin section, as compared with the section of metalnecessarysho d ,therebe no external pressure thereon. The outer casingmay be fabricated from drawn steel tubing or made from rolled steelplates and, therefore, have suflieient strength to withstand theinternal pressure even though of relatively therebyaiding inzthemaintenance of a fluid tight joint between thevengaging-surfaces l ofthese two parts and thus eflectively preventm the high pressure .flmd ofthe receiver space59 1' cm leaig'ng into the suction et passager22 ofthe supporting member. L

. In Figure 4-there is-illustrated a fragm'ental sectional view of anarrangement in r and sealed this 25th day of August, A. 1936.

which the spacer member, supporting member and inlet nozzle are allformed-in an integral casting, and, therefore, the parts thereof whichcorrespond with the -similar portions or parts of the structure ofFigures 1, 2 and 3 have been given correspondi numbers primed. This samearrangement of the single casting includin the spacer member, pumpsupporting :member, and inlet'nozzle is included in modified form-of thepump, as illustrated-in Figure 6.

andthat the said Letters Patent should be read with thiscorrection-thereinthat the same'may conform to the record of the case inthe Patent Oflice. p

v -sm1 LESL E FRAZER, l Acting Commissioner of PM.

. DISCLA I MER- 1,997,824L-Aladar Hollander, Berkele Calif. FLUID PUMP.Patent dated April 56, 1935. Disclaimei' filed 'Fe ruary 5', 1945, bythe assignee, Byron Jackson 0. v Hereby enters this disclaimer to eachand every claim of seidpatent.

[Oficial Gazette March

